VCE English Subjects Explained: English, English Language, Literature & EAL - What's the difference?

Confused by VCE English options? Discover the key differences between English, English Language, Literature, and EAL so you can choose the subject that’s right for you. Expert tips from KIS Academics.

5 days ago   •   4 min read

By Manoj Arachige
Photo by Studio Media / Unsplash

When it comes to VCE, one thing is non-negotiable: you must complete an English subject at the Unit 3/4 level to be eligible for an ATAR. But with four different English options—English, English Language, Literature, and EAL—how do you know which one to choose?

This guide breaks down each subject so you can make an informed choice and maximise your results.

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To learn more about Victoria's VCE system, check out our article on How the VCE works!
How the VCE works: Understanding Victoria’s Year 12 ATAR system
The mysterious workings of the VCE can be a constant source of confusion for both students and parents — even those currently undertaking it! In this guide, we’ll break down the essentials of Victoria’s Year 12 ATAR system so you can finally understand how it all fits together.

1. English (Mainstream)

Who’s it for?
The most popular option, often compulsory at some schools.

Exam Format:

  • Section A: Text Response Essay
  • Section B: Comparative Text Response
  • Section C: Analysing Argument

Coursework may also include:

  • Creative Response (mimicking an author’s style)
  • Presenting Argument (persuasive oral presentations)
  • Comparative Analysing Argument (comparing opposing articles)

Key Skills: Analytical essay writing, persuasive analysis, comparative thinking.

2. English Literature

Who’s it for?
Students passionate about deep reading, literary analysis, and working with a wide variety of texts.

Texts Studied:
Minimum six texts, including:

  • A novel
  • A poetry anthology
  • A play
  • Two others (can be short stories, essays, etc.)
  • One must be Australian
  • One must be an adaptation (for Unit 3 AoS 1)

Exam Format:

  • Section A: Literary Perspectives Essay
  • Section B: Close Analysis using selected passages

Coursework includes:

  • Creative Response
  • Adaptation and Transformation analysis

Key Skills: Critical thinking, literary theory, text interpretation, creativity.

3. English Language

Who’s it for?
Those interested in linguistics, grammar, and how English works in the real world.

Topics Covered:

  • Language acquisition
  • Formal vs informal language
  • Australian English
  • Language change and variation
  • Subsystems of language (e.g. morphology, syntax, semantics)

Exam Format:

  • Section A: Short-answer responses
  • Section B: Analytical commentary on a text
  • Section C: Essay with stimulus material

Text Sources: Everything from government documents to memes and casual conversation.

Key Skills: Linguistic analysis, argument construction, data interpretation.

4. English as an Additional Language (EAL)

Who’s it for?
Students whose first language is not English.

What’s different?

  • Fewer texts studied (3 instead of 4)
  • Listening skills are tested
  • Modified tasks and expectations (e.g. shorter essays and speech times)

Exam Format:

  • Section A: Listening Comprehension
  • Section B: Text Response (EAL-specific prompts)
  • Section C: Argument Analysis + Short-answer responses

Key Skills: Comprehension, communication, contextual understanding.

So... Which English Subject Should You Choose?

It depends on your interests and strengths. Here's a simple breakdown:

SubjectBest For
EnglishBalanced essay writing and analysis
LiteratureDeep reading and literary discussion
English LanguageAnalytical and technical thinkers
EALNon-native English speakers needing tailored support

Also keep in mind subject scaling. While Literature and English Language often scale slightly higher than mainstream English, don’t pick a subject solely for scaling. Choose what suits your strengths and interests—you’ll perform better and enjoy the subject more.

VCE ATAR Scaling Report 2024: How to Maximise your ATAR in 2025
Interested in how your subject could scale your ATAR this year? This report analyses 2024’s ATAR trends to explore how scaling impacts different VCE subjects and how you can utilise that knowledge to maximise your marks.

Still unsure which English subject is right for you? Whether you need help analysing persuasive techniques or unpacking Shakespeare, KIS Academics has you covered.
Get matched with an expert VCE English tutor who can help you master your essays, boost your confidence, and ace your SACs.

👉 Book a free study skills consultation today!

FAQs

1. Which VCE English subject scales the best?

Literature and English Language typically scale slightly higher than mainstream English. However, your individual performance is more important than the scaling difference.

2. Do I have to take English to get an ATAR?

Yes, two English units are compulsory and will count towards your ATAR.

3. Can I switch between VCE English subjects?

You can switch in Units 1/2, but switching during Units 3/4 is not recommended due to different course content and assessment styles.

4. Is Literature harder than English?

Not necessarily—it depends on your skills. Literature is better suited to students who enjoy creative and critical reading, while English focuses more on structured analysis.


Want personalised study guidance to help drastically improve your marks? A private tutor can make the biggest difference!

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